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Glut4 transporter4/24/2023 We studied 68 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 66 non-diabetic controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). We chose to study the adult skeletal muscle glucose transporter gene (GLUT 4) andGLUT 1 in consideration of previous conflicting results obtained by different authors. Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) Diabetes Mellitus And Glucose Transporter Gene (glut 1 Andglut 4) PolymorphismĪbstract Glucose transporter genes have been proposed as candidate genes for type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. If glucose entrance through GLUT1 and the activation of the hexosamine pathway is abundant, it can decrease the insulin-mediated glucose transport through GLUT4 leading to insulin resistance. Thus, insulin-independent glucose transport through GLUT1 can meet the basal needs of the muscle cell. Hexosamines have a negative feedback effect on GLUT4, and reduced GLUT4 activity decreases insulin-mediated glucose uptake. If glucose is entering through GLUT1 and phosphorylated by hexokinase I, the glucose 6-phosphate so formed is available for all metabolic pathways, including the hexosamine pathway. Glucose entering the muscle cell through GLUT4 and phosphorylated by hexokinase II is mainly directed to glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. We suggest the hypothesis that insulin resistance is dependent on whether glucose is entering through GLUT1 or GLUT4 and on the two functional compartments of glucose 6-phosphate formation within the cell. ![]() GLUT4 is insulin-dependent and is responsible for the majority of glucose transport into muscle and adipose cells in anabolic conditions. GLUT1 is insulin-independent and is widely distributed in different tissues. ![]() Insulin-independent Glucose Transport Regulates Insulin Sensitivity.Ībstract The glucose transport proteins (GLUT1 and GLUT4) facilitate glucose transport into insulin-sensitive cells.
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